Lists and Non-Nulls

Lists

graphql-php provides built-in support for lists. In order to create list type - wrap existing type with GraphQL\Type\Definition\Type::listOf() modifier:

use GraphQL\Type\Definition\Type;
use GraphQL\Type\Definition\ObjectType;

$userType = new ObjectType([
    'name' => 'User',
    'fields' => [
        'emails' => [
            'type' => Type::listOf(Type::string()),
            'resolve' => fn (): array => [
                'jon@example.com',
                'jonny@example.com'
            ],
        ]
    ]
]);

Resolvers for such fields are expected to return array or instance of PHP's built-in Traversable interface (null is allowed by default too).

If returned value is not of one of these types - graphql-php will add an error to result and set the field value to null (only if the field is nullable, see below for non-null fields).

Non-Nulls

By default, every field or argument can have a null value. To indicate the value must be non-null use the GraphQL\Type\Definition\Type::nonNull() modifier:

use GraphQL\Type\Definition\Type;
use GraphQL\Type\Definition\ObjectType;

$humanType = new ObjectType([
    'name' => 'User',
    'fields' => [
        'id' => [
            'type' => Type::nonNull(Type::id()),
            'resolve' => fn (): string => uniqid(),
        ],
        'emails' => [
            'type' => Type::nonNull(Type::listOf(Type::string())),
            'resolve' => fn (): array => [
                'jon@example.com',
                'jonny@example.com'
            ],
        ]
    ]
]);

If resolver of non-null field returns null, graphql-php will add an error to result and exclude the whole object from the output (an error will bubble to first nullable parent field which will be set to null).

Read the section on Data Fetching for details.